| Date |
Internet |
Federal / Military / Other |
Computer Hacks / Defenses |
| 1200 BC |
|
Greeks use Trojan Horse to gain entrance to Troy |
|
| 1943 |
|
Operation HUSKY and the Man Who Never Was |
|
| 1944 |
|
Operation BODYGUARD and Operation OVERLORD |
|
| 1953 |
|
6901st Special Communications Squadron established then
redesignated as the Air Force Special Communications Center (AFSCC, future
AFIWC) |
|
| 1962 |
The RAND Corporation begins research into robust,
distributed communication networks for military command and control |
|
|
| 1965 |
U.S. Department of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
(DARPA) sponsors research into a "cooperative network of time-sharing
computers." |
|
|
| 1968.01 |
|
Tet offensive |
|
| 1969 |
Researchers at four US campuses create the first hosts of
the DARPANET, connecting Stanford Research Institute, UCLA, UC Santa
Barbara, and the University of Utah |
|
|
| 1970 |
|
|
John Draper (Captain Crunch) fakes long-distance call tones
with a whistle from a cereal box |
| 1971 |
DARPANET grows to 23 hosts connecting universities and
government research centers around the country. |
|
|
| 1972 |
DARPANET renamed the ARPANET. Email created. InterNetworking
Working Group becomes the first of several standards-setting entities to
govern the growing network. Vinton Cerf is elected the first chairman of
the INWG, and later becomes known as a "Father of the Internet." |
|
|
| 1973 |
ARPANET goes international with connections to University
College in London, England and the Royal Radar Establishment in Norway |
|
|
| 1974 |
Bolt, Beranek & Newman opens Telenet, the first
commercial version of the ARPANET |
|
|
| 1975.07 |
|
AFSCC redesignated as the Air Force Electronic Warfare
Center (AFEWC, future AFIWC) |
|
| 1979 |
Tom Truscott and Jim Ellis, two grad students at Duke
University, and Steve Bellovin at the University of North Carolina
establish the first USENET newsgroups |
|
|
| 1980 |
|
|
First documented computer worm on experimental Ethernet at
Xerox PARC |
| 1980.01 |
|
Joint Electronic Warfare Center (JEWC, future JIOC)
established under the Joint Staff |
|
| 1980 |
ARPANET began using Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol (TCP/IP). It has 213 hosts. A new host is added
approximately once every 20 days. |
|
|
| 1982 |
The term "Internet" is used for the first time |
|
|
| 1983 |
Military ARPANET traffic moved to new MILNET |
|
|
| 1984 |
National Science Foundation Net (NSFNET) funded as the
successor to ARPANET. William Gibson coins the term "cyberspace"
in his novel "Neuromancer." The number of Internet hosts
exceeds 1,000. |
|
|
| 1986 |
|
|
First commercial anti-virus software produced (four viruses
found) |
| 1986 |
|
United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM)
established |
|
| 1988.11 |
|
|
Morris Internet worm temporarily disables 6000 of the 60,000
Internet host systems |
| 1988.12 |
DARPA establishes the Computer Emergency Response Team
(CERT) at Carnegie-Mellon University to address security concerns raised
by the Morris Worm. |
|
|
| 1989 |
|
Soviet Aids campaign directed against the US |
|
| 1989.06 |
|
|
Hanover hackers (actually East German spies) break into
numerous U.S. computers |
| 1990 |
ARPANET decommissioned |
|
250 computer viruses estimated to exist |
| 1990.01 |
|
|
|
| 1990.02 |
|
|
|
| 1990.03 |
|
|
|
| 1990.04 |
|
|
Dutch hackers begin attacks on DOD systems (34 sites
penetrated) |
| 1990.05 |
|
|
|
| 1990.06 |
|
|
|
| 1990.07 |
|
|
|
| 1990.08 |
|
Operation DESERT SHIELD |
|
| 1990.09 |
|
|
|
| 1990.10 |
|
|
|
| 1990.11 |
|
|
|
| 1990.12 |
|
|
Dutch hackers offer services to Iraq and are refused |
| 1991 |
|
|
First commercial product called a firewall
appears |
| 1991.01 |
|
Operation DESERT STORM |
|
| 1991.02 |
|
|
|
| 1991.03 |
At the University of Minnesota, a team led by computer
programmer Mark MaCahill releases "gopher," the first
point-and-click way of navigating the files of the Internet |
|
|
| 1991.04 |
|
|
|
| 1991.05 |
Tim Berners-Lee, working at CERN in Switzerland, posts the
first computer code of the World Wide Web in a relatively innocuous
newsgroup, "alt.hypertext." |
|
|
| 1991.06 |
|
|
|
| 1991.07 |
|
|
|
| 1991.08 |
|
|
|
| 1991.09 |
Marc Andreesen and a group of student programmers at NCSA
(the National Center for Supercomputing Applications located on the campus
of University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign) start development of a
graphical browser for the World Wide Web called Mosaic. |
|
|
| 1991.10 |
|
|
|
| 1991.11 |
|
|
|
| 1991.12 |
|
|
|
| 1992 |
|
|
1000 computer viruses estimated to exist |
| 1992.01 |
|
|
|
| 1992.02 |
|
|
|
| 1992.03 |
|
|
|
| 1992.04 |
|
|
|
| 1992.05 |
|
Fleet Training and Readiness Group (future FIWC) formed by
combining the Fleet Deception Group with the Fleet EW Support Group |
|
| 1992.06 |
|
|
|
| 1992.07 |
|
|
|
| 1992.08 |
|
|
|
| 1992.09 |
|
|
|
| 1992.10 |
|
|
|
| 1992.11 |
|
|
|
| 1992.12 |
|
DODD TS3600.1 published |
|
| 1993 |
|
|
|
| 1993.01 |
|
|
|
| 1993.02 |
|
World Trade Center bombing |
|
| 1993.03 |
|
Joint Staff MOP 30 published |
|
| 1993.04 |
|
|
|
| 1993.05 |
|
|
|
| 1993.06 |
|
|
|
| 1993.07 |
|
|
|
| 1993.08 |
|
|
|
| 1993.09 |
|
AFEWC redesignated as the Air Force Information Warfare
Center (AFIWC) |
|
| 1993.10 |
|
|
|
| 1993.11 |
Mosaic, the first graphics-based Web browser, is released. |
Mogadishu withdrawal |
|
| 1993.12 |
|
|
|
| 1994 |
|
Federal legislation criminalizes
transmission of viruses over networks |
|
| 1994.01 |
|
Naval Information Warfare Activity (NIWA) established.
Joint Warfare Analysis Center (JWAC) established from the former Navy
Warfare Analysis Center (NWAC).
Zapatistas begin distributing communiqués via list servers and other
electronic means |
|
| 1994.02 |
|
|
|
| 1994.03 |
|
|
|
| 1994.04 |
|
|
|
| 1994.05 |
|
|
Rome Labs hack |
| 1994.06 |
|
|
Russian hacker breaks into Citibank ($10M) |
| 1994.07 |
|
|
|
| 1994.08 |
|
|
|
| 1994.09 |
|
JEWC renamed Joint Command, Control Warfare Center (JC2WC,
future JIOC) |
|
| 1994.10 |
|
|
|
| 1994.11 |
|
|
|
| 1994.12 |
Netscape Navigator is released. |
|
|
| 1995 |
NSFNET reverts back to a research project,
leaving the Internet in commercial hands. The Web now comprises the
bulk of Internet traffic. |
|
6000 computer viruses estimated to exist |
| 1995.01 |
|
|
|
| 1995.02 |
|
|
|
| 1995.03 |
|
|
|
| 1995.04 |
|
Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building bombing |
|
| 1995.05 |
|
Land Information Warfare Activity (LIWA) established |
|
| 1995.06 |
|
|
|
| 1995.07 |
|
|
|
| 1995.08 |
Microsoft Internet Explorer is released. |
|
|
| 1995.09 |
|
|
|
| 1995.10 |
|
Fleet Information Warfare Center (FIWC) formed by combining
the Command and Control Warfare Group with the EW Operational Programming
Facility |
|
| 1995.11 |
|
|
|
| 1995.12 |
|
|
|
| 1996 |
|
|
|
| 1996.01 |
|
|
|
| 1996.02 |
|
|
|
| 1996.03 |
|
|
|
| 1996.04 |
|
|
|
| 1996.05 |
|
|
|
| 1996.06 |
|
|
|
| 1996.07 |
|
Joint Vision 2010 published.
President’s Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection
established. |
|
| 1996.08 |
|
|
First Microsoft Word macro virus |
| 1996.09 |
|
|
|
| 1996.10 |
|
|
Disgruntled employee erases files at Digital Technologies
Group using a logic bomb |
| 1996.11 |
|
|
|
| 1996.12 |
|
DODD S3600.1 published |
|
| 1997 |
|
Army CERT established |
10,000 computer viruses estimated to exist |
| 1997.01 |
Microsoft Office 97 released. First version of Microsoft
Outlook. |
|
|
| 1997.02 |
|
|
|
| 1997.03 |
|
|
|
| 1997.04 |
|
|
|
| 1997.05 |
|
PDD-56 Managing Complex Contingency Operations published |
|
| 1997.06 |
|
Concept for Future Joint Operations published
Exercise ELIGIBLE RECEIVER ‘97 |
|
| 1997.07 |
|
|
|
| 1997.08 |
|
|
|
| 1997.09 |
|
|
|
| 1997.10 |
|
President’s Commission on Critical Infrastructure
Protection reports |
|
| 1997.11 |
|
|
|
| 1997.12 |
|
|
|
| 1998 |
|
|
20,000 computer viruses estimated to exist |
| 1998.01 |
|
|
Concept of FloodNet is proposed in a manual form |
| 1998.02 |
|
|
Operation SOLAR SUNRISE |
| 1998.03 |
|
|
|
| 1998.04 |
|
|
Electronic Disturbance Theater (EDT) debuts FloodNet 1.0 to
automate web site Denial of Service attacks |
| 1998.05 |
|
Critical Infrastructure Assurance Office established
National Information Protection Center (NIPC)
PDD-62 Combating Terrorism published
PDD-63 Critical Infrastructure Protection published |
Attempted EDT FloodNet attack on the White House website |
| 1998.06 |
|
|
|
| 1998.07 |
|
|
|
| 1998.08 |
|
African embassy bombings |
|
| 1998.09 |
|
DOD website content review |
Attempted EDT FloodNet attack on DISA |
| 1998.10 |
|
JC2WC realigned under U.S. Atlantic Command (USACOM). Joint
Pub 3-13 published. |
Trung Nat Ngo pleads guilty to cyber harassment |
| 1998.11 |
|
|
|
| |
|
Joint Task Force for Computer Network Defense (JTF-CND)
established under USACOM. Operation DESERT FOX |
|
| 1999 |
|
|
45,000 computer viruses estimated to exist |
| 1999.01 |
|
|
|
| 1999.02 |
|
|
|
| 1999.03 |
|
Operation ALLIED FORCE |
Melissa computer virus. Operation MOONLIGHT MAZE. |
| 1999.04 |
|
PDD-68 International Public Information (IPI) published |
|
| 1999.05 |
|
|
|
| 1999.06 |
|
|
|
| 1999.07 |
|
|
|
| 1999.08 |
|
|
|
| 1999.09 |
|
|
|
| 1999.10 |
|
U.S. Space Command (USSPACECOM) assumes the computer network
attack mission. JC2WC renamed the Joint Information Operations Center (JIOC).
JIOC realigned under USSPACECOM. JTF-CND realigned under USSPACECOM. |
|
| 1999.11 |
|
|
|
| 1999.12 |
|
|
|
| 2000 |
|
|
|
| 2000.01 |
|
|
|
| 2000.02 |
|
|
E-commerce DDoS Attacks |
| 2000.03 |
|
|
|
| 2000.04 |
|
|
|
| 2000.05 |
|
Exercise TOPOFF |
VBS.ILOVEYOU virus. VBS.LoveLetter worm. |
| 2000.06 |
|
Israeli withdrawal from south Lebanon. Joint Vision 2020. |
|
| 2000.07 |
|
|
|
| 2000.08 |
|
|
|
| 2000.09 |
|
|
|
| 2000.10 |
|
JTF-CNO assumes lead for CNA |
|
| 2000.11 |
|
|
|
| 2000.12 |
|
|
|
| 2001 |
|
|
|
| 2001.01 |
|
|
DirecTV attack on hacked cards |
| 2001.02 |
|
|
|
| 2001.03 |
|
|
|
| 2001.04 |
|
JTF-CND renamed the Joint Task Force for Computer Network
Operations (JTF-CNO) |
|
| 2001.05 |
|
|
|
| 2001.06 |
|
|
|
| 2001.07 |
|
Network Centric Warfare report published |
|
| 2001.08 |
|
|
|
| 2001.09 |
|
World Trade Center/Pentagon attacked |
|
| 2001.10 |
|
|
|
| 2001.11 |
|
|
|
| 2001.12 |
|
|
|
| 2002 |
|
|
|
| 2002.01 |
|
|
|
| 2002.02 |
|
Office of Strategic Influence |
|
| 2002.03 |
|
|
|
| 2002.04 |
|
|
|
| 2002.05 |
|
|
|
| 2002.06 |
|
|
|
| 2002.07 |
|
EXERCISE Millennium Challenge |
|
| 2002.08 |
|
|
|
| 2002.09 |
|
|
|
| 2002.10 |
|
USSPACECOM combined with USSTRATCOM |
|
| 2002.11 |
|
|
|
| 2002.12 |
|
|
|
| 2003 |
|
|
|
| 2003.01 |
|
|
|
| 2003.02 |
|
|
|
| 2003.03 |
|
|
|
| 2003.04 |
|
|
|
| 2003.05 |
|
|
|
| 2003.06 |
|
|
|
| 2003.07 |
|
|
|
| 2003.08 |
|
|
|
| 2003.09 |
|
|
|
| 2003.10 |
|
|
|
| 2003.11 |
|
|
|
| 2003.12 |
|
|
|
Feature
