1	Organizational Structure for Joint Planning Joint Forces Staff College National Defense University
2	Lesson Objectives Comprehend the structure and functions of the primary elements of the National Military Command structure. Comprehend the assigned responsibilities and guidance to Commanders of Unified Commands which they must consider in discharging their duties and responsibilities.
3	National Security Act of 1947 Formed national military establishment Formed three executive departments Army, Navy, Air Force Each headed by cabinet-level secretary Established unified and specified commands Created position of Secretary of Defense Gave new secretary authority only to Establish “general” policies Exercise “general” direction, authority, control
4	Legislative and Executive Changes to the National Security Act of 1947 1948 Key West Agreement 1949 Amendment 1952 Amendment 1953 Plan 1958 Amendment 1978 Amendment
5	DOD Reorganization Act of 1986 Designated Chairman principal military adviser Transferred duties of corporate JCS to Chairman Created position of Vice Chairman Specified chain of command to run from President to Secretary of Defense to unified and specified combatant commanders
6	Elements of the Department of Defense
7	Organization For National Security
8	Unity of Effort Effective use of the Nation’s military power requires that the efforts of the separate Services and SOCOM be closely integrated.
9	Functions of the Chairman Arranges for military advice to OSD Is the senior military officer May not exercise military command Acts as spokesman for the Combatant Commanders Assists the President and SecDef in performing their command functions
10	Command Responsibilities
11	Guidance to Combatant Commanders Joint Pub 1 Doctrine for the Armed Forces of the United States UCP Unified Command Plan (FOUO) Combatant Commander Command Relationships
12	Doctrine for the Armed Forces of the United States (JP 1) Doctrine governing Unified Direction of Armed Forces Covers the Functions of the Department of Defense and Its Major Components Doctrine for Joint Command and Control Doctrine for Joint Commands Multinational Operations Interagency, Intergovernmental Organization, and Nongovernmental Organization Coordination
13	Unified Command Plan (UCP) Establishes missions, responsibilities, and force structure Delineates geographic area of responsibility (AOR) and/or functional responsibility for Unified Commanders
14	Organizing Joint Forces
15	The Joint Staff
16	Combatant Commander Staff
17	Terminology Joint Connotes activities, operations, organizations, etc., In which elements of two or more military departments participate. Joint Force A general term applied to a force composed of significant elements, assigned or attached, of two or more military departments, operating under a single joint force commander authorized to exercise operational control.
18	Terminology Combined Involving two or more forces or agencies of two or more allies Multinational Operations Military actions conducted by forces of two or more nations, typically organized within the structure of a coalition or alliance.
19	Terminology Unified Command A command with a broad continuing mission under a single commander and composed of significant assigned components of two or more military departments that is established and designated by the President.
20	Terminology Combatant Command One of the unified or specified combatant commands established by the president. Combatant Commander A commander of one of the unified or specified combatant commands established by the president. Joint Force Commander A general term applied to a combatant commander, subunified commander, or JTF commander authorized to exercise COCOM or OPCON over a joint force.
21	Command Relationships Planning Programming , Budgeting, and Execution Process input Assignment of Subordinate Commanders Relations with DOD agencies Directive Authority for Logistics
22	Combatant Command Organization
23	Subordinate Commands Subordinate Unified Command Established by a unified commander when authorized by the CJCS, composed of forces of two or more military departments to conduct operations on a continuing basis. Established on an area or functional basis. Joint Task Force A joint force that is constituted and so designated by the secretary of defense, a combatant commander, a subordinate unified command commander, or an existing JTF commander. A JTF may be established on an area or functional basis.
24	Joint Force Commands
25	Subordinate Commands (Components) Service Component Command A command consisting of the service component commander and all those service forces, such as individuals, units, detachments, etc. Under the command that have been assigned to a combatant command. Functional Component Command A command normally, but not necessarily, composed of forces of two or more military departments which may be established across the range of military operations to perform particular operational missions that may be of short duration or may extend over a period of time.
26	Component Commander Responsibilities Recommend proper employment of forces Accomplish assigned operational missions Nominate specific units for identified requirements Conduct joint training Identify changes in logistics support capabilities Develop program and budget issues Support exercises and contingency planning “Combatant Commander’s resident expert”
27	Unified Commands
28	Commanders’ Areas of Responsibility 2006 UCP
29	US CENTRAL COMMAND
30	US CENTRAL COMMAND
31	CENTCOM Mission U.S. Central Command working with national and international partners promotes development and cooperation among nations, responds to crisis and deters or defeats state and transnational aggression in order to establish regional security and stability
32	US EUROPEAN COMMAND
33	EUCOM Mission Maintain ready forces to conduct the full range of operations unilaterally or in concert with the coalition partners; enhance transatlantic security through support of NATO; promote regional stability; counter terrorism; and advance U.S. interests in the area of responsibility.
34	US NORTHERN COMMAND
35	NORTHCOM
36	US PACIFIC COMMAND
37	PACOM Mission U.S. Pacific Command, in concert with other U.S. government agencies and regional military partners, promotes security and peaceful development in the Asia-Pacific region by deterring aggression, advancing regional security cooperation, responding to crises, and fighting to win.
38	US SOUTHERN COMMAND
39	SOUTHCOM Mission The command's mission is to conduct military operations and promote security cooperation to achieve U.S. strategic objectives.
40	US JOINT FORCES COMMAND
41	JFCOM Mission
42	US SPECIAL OPERATIONS COMMAND Responsibilities Providing combat-ready SOF to other Combatant Commanders Developing strategy, doctrine and tactics Preparing and submitting budget proposals Training assigned forces Exercising command of selected special operations missions, if directed by President or SecDef
43	SOCOM
44	US STRATEGIC COMMAND
45	STRATCOM Mission To deter attacks on the US vital interest, to ensure freedom of action in space and cyberspace, to deliver integrated kinetic and non-kinetic effects to include nuclear and information operations in support of the US Joint Force Commander operations, to synchronize global missile defense plans and operations, to synchronize regional combating of weapons of mass destruction plans, to provide integrated surveillance and reconnaissance allocation recommendations to the SECDEF, and to advocate for capabilities as assigned.
46	US TRANSPORTATION COMMAND
47	TRANSCOM Mission Provide air, land, and sea transportation for the Department of Defense, both in time of peace and war.
48	Proposed Area of Responsibility
49	Presidential Direction President Bush directed the establishment of US Africa Command – 7 Feb 07 Interim establishment in Stuttgart, Germany IOC – 1 Oct 07 FOC – 30 Sep 08 SecDef provided updated direction on 4 Apr 07 Command Construct Mission Focus Army is Executive Agent
50	Policy Objectives Enhance Strategic Partnerships Consolidate Democratic Transitions Bolster Fragile States Strengthen Regional and Sub-Regional Organizations Strengthen Regional Security Capacity Strengthen CT Cooperation and Capacity Stimulate Africa’s Economic Development and Growth Implement Presidential Initiatives Provide Humanitarian and Developmental Assistance NSPD-50: US Strategy for Sub-Saharan Africa
51	USAFRICOM Concept U.S. Africa Command will support U.S. Government activities across Africa to: Synchronize with US Interagency efforts Assist diplomacy and development efforts Consolidate Africa responsibilities of three commands into one Goal is significant interagency representation from the beginning
52	AFRICOM Tasks Work with African states, regional organizations, and other partners to: Build Partnership Capacity Support USG agencies in implementing security policies Conduct Theater Security Cooperation activities Increase partner counter-terrorism skills Enhance humanitarian assistance, disaster mitigation, and response activities Foster respect for human rights Support African regional organizations As directed, conduct military operations
53	Organizational Structure for Joint Planning Joint Forces Staff College National Defense University